BALLARAT SCHOOL OF MINES (FEDERATION UNIVERSITY AUSTRALIA)
107 LYDIARD STREET SOUTH BALLARAT CENTRAL, BALLARAT CITY
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Statement of Significance
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BALLARAT SCHOOL OF MINES (FEDERATION UNIVERSITY AUSTRALIA) - History
The Ballarat School of Mines (Federation University Australia) was established at Lydiard Street South in 1870 to provide training in the techniques required by deep-lead mining to miners and mine managers from the surrounding goldfields. Since that time earlier buildings have been adapted for educational purposes including parts of the Ballarat Gaol complex built in 1858-62, a portion of the original Wesleyan reserve, the 1869 former Supreme Court building and the 1858 former Wesleyan Chapel. Many additional buildings have been constructed across the site in response to changing educational needs. The collection of buildings on the Ballarat School of Mines (Federation University Australia) campus reflects the evolution and development of the site from 1858 until the early twenty-first century. The brick two-storey Old Chemistry building (Building C), the first portion of which was constructed in 1885, is the earliest surviving purpose-built School of Mines building on the site.
KEY REFERENCES
Ballarat School of Mines Museum,
on 'Federation University Australia' website, accessed 4 Aug 2017, viahttps://bih.federation.edu.au/index.php/Ballarat_School_of_Mines_MuseumBallarat Technical Art School,
on 'Federation University Australia' website, accessed 4 Aug 2017, viahttp://federation.edu.au/about-us/our-university/history/geoffrey-blainey-research-centre/buildings-and-sites/ballarat-technical-art-schoolDr David Rowe Authentic Heritage Services Pty Ltd and Wendy Jacobs Architect & Heritage Consultant, Conservation Management Plan (Draft): Federation University Australia School of Mines Campus, Sep 2016.
E. J. T. Tippett Library,
on 'Federation University Australia' website, accessed 7 Aug 2017, viahttp://federation.edu.au/about-us/our-university/history/geoffrey-blainey-research-centre/buildings-and-sites/e.j.t.-tippett-libraryFormer Ballarat Court / 1st School of Mines, on 'Federation University Australia' website, accessed 7 Aug 2017, via http://federation.edu.au/about-us/our-university/history/geoffrey-blainey-research-centre/buildings-and-sites/former-ballarat-court-1st-school-of-mines
Former Ballarat Gaol,
on 'Federation University Australia' website, accessed 4 Aug 2017, viahttp://federation.edu.au/about-us/our-university/history/geoffrey-blainey-research-centre/buildings-and-sites/former-ballarat-gaolPage | 1515 Name: Ballarat School of Mines (Federation University Australia) VHR number: VHR H1463 Hermes number: 77
Former Ballarat Supreme Court House,
on 'Federation University Australia' website, accessed 4 Aug 2017, viahttp://federation.edu.au/about-us/our-university/history/geoffrey-blainey-research-centre/buildings-and-sites/former-ballarat-supreme-court-houseOld Chemistry Building,
on 'Federation University Australia' website, accessed 4 Aug 2017, viahttp://federation.edu.au/about-us/our-university/history/geoffrey-blainey-research-centre/buildings-and-sites/old-chemistry-buildingSMB The School of Mines and Industries Ballarat: a campus of the University of Ballarat - A guide to heritage buildings at the SMB Campus in Lydiard Street South, Ballarat
(22-page booklet: undated, c.2005), University of Ballarat, Australia.Newspaper reports
The Courier, 11 Oct 2013, See the gaol cells underneath the University of Ballarat, by Jordan Oliver,
via http://www.thecourier.com.au/story/1835185/see-the-gaol-cells-underneath-the-university-of-ballarat/
accessed 14 Aug 2017.
BALLARAT SCHOOL OF MINES (FEDERATION UNIVERSITY AUSTRALIA) - Assessment Against Criteria
Criterion
Ballarat School of Mines (Federation University Australia) is significant at the State level for the following reasons:
The Ballarat School of Mines (Federation University Australia) is historically significant as the oldest remnant of a school of mines in Victoria and in Australia. Its association since 1870 with a curriculum featuring in turn mining, art and technical education, university education and vocational training is evident in documentary resources and in the diverse physical fabric of the place. The Victorian, Federation, inter-war and early post-WWII institutional buildings of the complex collectively demonstrate its transformation in parallel with Ballarat's development from burgeoning goldfields township into a regional city. The Ballarat School of Mines (Federation University Australia) has a clear association with the process of goldfields mining and engineering educational institutions evolving into centres of further education. This association is understood better at the Ballarat School of Mines (Federation University Australia) than at most other places in Victoria with substantially the same association. [
Criterion A]
The Ballarat School of Mines (Federation University Australia) is architecturally significant and demonstrates most of the principal characteristics of the class of further education campuses since the 1870s. It is a notable example of the class as demonstrated through its combination of purpose built and adapted buildings featuring a range of construction eras and built forms and spread over a diverse topography. The Ballarat School of Mines (Federation University Australia) also includes fine two-storey brick and rendered buildings along the former School of Mines' boundary on Lydiard Street South which contrast with buildings constructed at later periods across the balance of the campus. [
Criterion D]
BALLARAT SCHOOL OF MINES (FEDERATION UNIVERSITY AUSTRALIA) - Permit Exemptions
General Exemptions:General exemptions apply to all places and objects included in the Victorian Heritage Register (VHR). General exemptions have been designed to allow everyday activities, maintenance and changes to your property, which don’t harm its cultural heritage significance, to proceed without the need to obtain approvals under the Heritage Act 2017.Places of worship: In some circumstances, you can alter a place of worship to accommodate religious practices without a permit, but you must notify the Executive Director of Heritage Victoria before you start the works or activities at least 20 business days before the works or activities are to commence.Subdivision/consolidation: Permit exemptions exist for some subdivisions and consolidations. If the subdivision or consolidation is in accordance with a planning permit granted under Part 4 of the Planning and Environment Act 1987 and the application for the planning permit was referred to the Executive Director of Heritage Victoria as a determining referral authority, a permit is not required.Specific exemptions may also apply to your registered place or object. If applicable, these are listed below. Specific exemptions are tailored to the conservation and management needs of an individual registered place or object and set out works and activities that are exempt from the requirements of a permit. Specific exemptions prevail if they conflict with general exemptions. Find out more about heritage permit exemptions here.Specific Exemptions:Permit ExemptionsBALLARAT SCHOOL OF MINES (FEDERATION UNIVERSITY AUSTRALIA) - Permit Exemption Policy
PERMIT POLICYPreamble
The purpose of the Permit Policy is to assist when considering or making decisions regarding works to a registered place. It is recommended that any proposed works be discussed with an officer of Heritage Victoria prior to making a permit application. Discussing proposed works will assist in answering questions the owner may have and aid any decisions regarding works to the place.
The extent of registration of the Ballarat School of Mines (Federation University Australia) in the Victorian Heritage Register affects the whole place shown on Diagram 1463 including the land, all buildings (exteriors, interiors and subterranean spaces), trees, landscape elements and other features.
Under the Heritage Act 2017 a person must not remove or demolish, damage or despoil, developoralteror excavate, relocate or disturb the position of any part ofaregisteredplace or object without approval. It is acknowledged,however,thatalterations and other works may be required to keep placesandobjects ingood repair and adapt them for use into the future.If a person wishes to undertake works or activities in relation to a registered place or registered object, they must apply to the Executive Director, Heritage Victoria for a permit. The purpose of a permit is to enable appropriate change to a place and to effectively manage adverse impacts on the cultural heritage significance of a place as a consequence of change. If an owner is uncertain whether a heritage permit is required, it is recommended that Heritage Victoria be contacted.
Permits are required for anything which alters the place or object, unless a permit exemption is granted. Permit exemptions usually cover routine maintenance and upkeep issues faced by owners as well as minor works or works to the elements of the place or object that are not significant. They may include appropriate works that are specified in a conservation management plan. Permit exemptions can be granted at the time of registration (under s.49(3) of the Heritage Act 2017) or after registration (under s.92) of the Heritage Act 2017). It should be noted that the addition of new buildings to the registered place, as well as alterations to the interior, exterior and sub-surfaces spaces of existing buildings requires a permit, unless a specific permit exemption is granted.
Conservation management plans
It is recommended that the Conservation Management Plan (CMP) prepared in 2017 by Dr David Rowe and Wendy Jacobs be used to guide the management of this place in a manner which respects its cultural heritage significance. Works in the CMP may require a permit if they are not included in the permit exemptions below.
Aboriginal cultural heritage
If works are proposed which have the potential to disturb or have an impact on Aboriginal cultural heritage it is necessary to contact Aboriginal Victoria to ascertain any requirements under the Aboriginal Heritage Act 2006. If any Aboriginal cultural heritage is discovered or exposed at any time it is necessary to immediately contact Aboriginal Victoria to ascertain requirements under the Aboriginal Heritage Act 2006.
Other approvals
Please be aware that approval from other authorities (such as local government) may be required to undertake works.
Archaeology
Any works that may affect historical archaeological features, deposits or artefacts at the place is likely to require a permit, permit exemption or consent. Advice should be sought from the Archaeology Team at Heritage Victoria.
Cultural heritage significance
Overview of significance
The cultural heritage significance of the Ballarat School of Mines (Federation University Australia) lies in the physical fabric of the place, particularly the buildings and features of historical and architectural note within the context of the place. Other buildings and features at the place that have been constructed in separate stages during the twentieth and twenty-first centuries are of differing degrees of cultural heritage significance, as demarcated in the following hierarchy. Refer to Images for Significance Diagram.
a) Buildings and features listed here are of primary cultural heritage significance. These either pre-date the School of Mines' creation in 1870 or were established in the following five decades of the Complex's operation, and are of architectural note in the context of the place. Buildings and features of primary cultural heritage significance are indicated red on the diagram below. A permit is required for most works or alterations.See the Permit Exemptions section for proposed specific permit exempt activities:
Building A 'Administration Building' .
Building B 'W. J.Gribble Building' (former School of Technical Art) .
Building C 'OldChemistry Building' .
Building D 'Amenities Building': courtyard, andportions of surrounding building and walls(former Gaol Governor'sQuarters, gaol main gateway and walls) .
Building E courtyard, andportions of surrounding building and walls (former GaolWardens'Quarters, gaol second gateway, walls and watchtower) .
Building F'Courthouse Theatre' (former Supreme Court) .
Building P 'UnistyleHairdressing Building' (formerly a Wesleyan Chapel, then the SchoolofMines Museum) .Subterranean bluestone 'former gaol culvert' to thewest of
Building F .Subterranean tunnel between Building F (the formerSupreme Court) and Building E .
Subterranean former Model Mine shaft to the immediate east of Building C.
Waterloo Gold Mining Company deep-lead mining tunnels below Building P .
Former gaol basement spaces and fabric below the library Building G (the 'E. J. T. Tippett Building')
Other buildings and features are less notable in the context of the place - either because their merit lies principally in their place within the Complex's twentieth-century history and not in their fabric, or due to a loss of that fabric's intactness and/or integrity - and are further categorised as follows:
b) Buildings and features of contributory cultural heritage significance in the context of the place, shown in blue on the diagram. These buildings and features are associated with the years of post-WWI technical education up to and including WWII at the Complex. A permit is required for most works or alterations. See the Permit Exemptions section for proposed specific permit activities:
Building J 'A. W. Steane Building' (former Junior Technical School) .Building L 'Flecknoe Building' (former Machine Workshop) .Building N 'E. J. Barker Building' (former Mechanics, Blacksmiths and Carpentry Workshops) .Building O 'Old Plumbing Building' (Returned Soldiers' Classrooms)
Building J 'A. W. Steane Building' (former Junior Technical School)
Building L 'Flecknoe Building' (former Machine Workshop)
Building N 'E. J. Barker Building' (former Mechanics, Blacksmiths and Carpentry Workshops)
Building O 'Old Plumbing Building' (Returned Soldiers' Classrooms)
Former Junior Technical School's Memorial Garden
Norfolk Island Pine (Araucaria heterophylla) within the Former Botanic Garden area (also knownas the System Garden or the Von Mueller Garden)
Canary Island Palm (Phoenix canariensis) within the Former Botanic Garden area.
c) Features that are listed here are deemed to be of some cultural heritage significance to the place, and are shown in green on the diagram. These features are of low intactness/integrity. See the Permit Exemptions section for proposed specific permit exempt activities:
Former Botanic Garden area (also known as the System Garden or the Von Mueller Garden)
Terraced layout (but not the mid-to-late twentieth century stone and brick walls) of the Former Gaol Produce Garden area.
d) The following buildings are of no cultural heritage significance in the context of the place. Although of high-level intactness and integrity, their above-ground fabric is not notable. These buildings are shown in yellow on the diagram below. In locations where subterranean fabric of primary cultural heritage significance exists, the known extent of this subterranean fabric is shown with red hatching. Proposed specific permit exemptions applying to fabric of no cultural heritage significance are provided for:
Building D 1978 and 1980 additions
Building E 1980-81 Gymnasium Building
Building G (above ground) 'E. J. T. Tippett Building' (Library)
Building H 'Corbould Building'
Building I 'Automotive Skills Centre' (former Motor Mechanics and Wool-classing)
Building K 'M. B. John Building' (Trade and Art Workshop)
Building M 'Flecknoe Building' (former Vocational Skills Centre).
PERMIT EXEMPTIONS (UNDER SECTION 49(3) OF THE HERITAGE ACT) It should be noted that Permit Exemptions can be granted at the time of registration (under s.49(3) of the Heritage Act). Permit Exemptions can also be applied for and granted after registration (under s.92 of the Heritage Act).
General Condition 1
All exempted alterations are to be planned and carried out in a manner which prevents damage to the fabric of the registered place or object.
General Condition 2
Should it become apparent during further inspection or the carrying out of works that original or previously hidden or inaccessible details of the place or object are revealed which relate to the significance of the place or object, then the exemption covering such works shall cease and Heritage Victoria shall be notified as soon as possible.
General Condition 3
All works should ideally be informed by Conservation Management Plans prepared for the place. The Executive Director is not bound by any Conservation Management Plan, and permits still must be obtained for works suggested in any Conservation Management Plan.
General Condition 4
Nothing in this determination prevents the Heritage Council from amending or rescinding all or any of the permit exemptions.
General Condition 5
Nothing in this determination exempts owners or their agents from the responsibility to seek relevant planning or building permits from the relevant responsible authority, where applicable. Specific Permit Exemptions
Landscape Exemptions
The process of gardening, including mowing, hedge clipping, bedding displays, disease and weed control, maintenance, emergency and safety works to care for existing plants and trees.
Subsurface works involving the installation, removal or replacement of watering and drainage systems outside the tree protection zone of trees in accordance with AS4970 and where they do not impact on subterranean elements of primary significance.
Works associated with the management of possums and vermin.
Removal, or maintenance and repair of existing paving and other hard landscaping elements, like for like.
Removal, or maintenance, repair and replacement of existing fences and gates, like for like.
Repainting of previously painted items in the same colour.
Plant labelling.
Buildings and features of primary cultural heritage significance
Exteriors
Repairs and maintenance which replace like with like.
Removal of extraneous items such as hot water services and taps, air conditioners, pipe work, ducting,wiring, antennae and aerials and making good in a manner that does not have a detrimental effect onthe heritage fabric.
Installation or repair of damp-proofing by either injection method or grouted pocket method.
Painting of previously painted surfaces provided that preparation or painting does not remove evidence of the original paint or other decorative scheme.
Cleaning out gutters, drainage systems and other water storage and drainage areas.
Interiors
Painting of previously painted walls and ceilings provided that preparation or painting does not removeevidence of the original paint or other decorative scheme.
Removal of paint from originally unpainted or oiled joinery, doors, architraves, skirtings and decorativestrapping by non-abrasive methods.
Demolition, removal, repair or installation of the following provided that no original or early fabric isdamaged in the process:- Late twentieth or twenty-first century lightweight partition walls provided that new walls do not obscure original or early ceilings and walls.
- Suspended ceilings (demolition or removal only).
- Late twentieth or twenty-first century built-in joinery, computer and office equipment.
- All information technology, communication, security and cleaning infrastructure and equipment, including electric clocks, public address and speaker systems, detectors, alarms, lights, emergency lights, exit signs and the like.
- Building and fire systems.
- Way-finding signage and signage relating to building security and the identification of tenants.
- Bathrooms, toilets and kitchens including late twentieth or twenty-first century sanitary fixtures and associated piping, mirrors, wall and floor coverings, kitchen benches and fixtures including sinks, stoves, ovens, refrigerators, dishwashers etc and associated plumbing and wiring.
- Ducted, hydronic or concealed radiant type heating provided that the installation does not damage existing skirtings and architraves and provided that the location of the heating unit is concealed from view.
- Electrical wiring provided that all new wiring is fully concealed and any original light switches, pull cords, push buttons or power outlets are retained in-situ.
- Bulk insulation in the roof space.
- Smoke detectors.
- Late twentieth or twenty-first century carpets and/or flexible floor coverings.
- Window furnishings and associated fixtures.
- Hooks, nails and other devices for the hanging of wall mounted artworks.
Buildings and features of contributory cultural heritage significance
Exteriors
All the permit exemptions for buildings and features of primary significance and also:
Demolition and removal of non-original additions, subject to a permit being issued for the management of original fabric where it intersects with those additions.
Interiors
All the permit exemptions for buildings and features of primary significance.
Features of some cultural heritage significance
All the permit exemptions for buildings and features of contributory significance.
Buildings and features of no cultural heritage significance
Exteriors
All the permit exemptions for buildings and features of some significance and also:
Demolition and removal of buildings and elements, subject to a permit being issued for the managementof original fabric where it intersects with the later additions.
Alteration of buildings, within the existing footprints and envelopes of those buildings.
Painting of previously painted surfaces.
Interiors
All works.
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FORMER POLICE STATION, BALLARATVictorian Heritage Register H1544
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BALLARAT TRADES HALLVictorian Heritage Register H0657
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PRIMARY SCHOOL NO.33Victorian Heritage Register H1714
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'Riverslea' houseGreater Bendigo City
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1 Adam StreetYarra City
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Tours involving this place See all tours
21/12/11
Regent Picture Theatre - Eureka Flag - School Of Mines - Ballarat Post Office - Gas Lamps - Ballarat Railway Complex - Fine Art Gallery - Her Majesty's Theatre - Former Reids Coffee Palace - Provincial Hotel - Alexandria Tea Rooms - Craig's Royal Hotel - Former Anz Bank - Former Union Bank Building
Public contributions
Tours involving this place See all tours
21/12/11
Regent Picture Theatre - Eureka Flag - School Of Mines - Ballarat Post Office - Gas Lamps - Ballarat Railway Complex - Fine Art Gallery - Her Majesty's Theatre - Former Reids Coffee Palace - Provincial Hotel - Alexandria Tea Rooms - Craig's Royal Hotel - Former Anz Bank - Former Union Bank Building